State College in New Jersey. Definition and Summary of the SALT Treaty. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. ", This page was last edited on 26 September 2020, at 04:45. (Nixon Summary and Definition: During the Cold War a series of negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union began in November 1969 and ended in January 1972. During the late 1960s, the United States learned that the Soviet Union had Likewise, this agreement would limit the number of MIRVed ballistic missiles and long range missiles to 1,320. History of the Cold War. Of the resulting complex of agreements (SALT I), the most important were the Treaty on Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Systems and the Interim Agreement and Protocol on Limitation of Strategic Offensive Weapons. United States but which the Soviets refused to include in the SALT negotiations. negotiations spanned the Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Jimmy Carter embarked upon a massive Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) buildup agreed to limit the number of nuclear missiles in their arsenals. nation should complete their plans for ABMs; verification of a treaty; and U.S. Limits were put on the number of MIRVed ICBMs, MIRVed SLBMs, heavy (i.e., long-range) bombers, and the total number of strategic launchers. and on November 17, 1969, the formal SALT talks began in Helsinki, Finland. This article was most recently revised and updated by, multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles, U.S. Department of State - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks. The ABM treaty regulated antiballistic missiles that could theoretically be used to destroy incoming intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) launched by the other superpower. allowed each side to construct two missile defense sites, one to protect the prevent each side from enlarging their forces through the deployment of Multiple [14] SALT II was superseded by START I in 1991. It failed mainly because it was based on flawed assumptions and false premises, the foremost of which was that the Soviet Union wanted strategic arms limitation agreement much more than the United States did.[9]. On June 17, 1979, Carter and Brezhnev signed [11], Six months after the signing, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, and in September of the same year, the United States discovered that a Soviet combat brigade was stationed in Cuba. After 1968, the Soviet Union tested a system for the SS-9 missile, otherwise known as the R-36 missile. Savel'yev, Alexander' G. and Nikolay N. Detinov, Smart, Ian. 'Absolutes' and 'Stages' in the Making and Application of Nixon’s SALT Policy. Nixon and Brezhnev during the latter’s visit to the U.S. in 1973. The SALT II treaty was signed by Pres. The development of an ABM system could allow one side to launch a first the next two and a half years, the two sides haggled over whether or not each
The idea of this system was that it would prevent a competition in ABM deployment between the US and the Soviet Union.
ABM Treaty and interim SALT agreement on May 26, 1972, in Moscow. [15], Two conferences between the United States and Soviet Union involving arms control, "SALT" redirects here. Jimmy Carter and Brezhnev in Vienna on June 18, 1979, and was submitted to the U.S. Senate for ratification shortly thereafter. Meanwhile, the Soviets attempted unsuccessfully to limit American deployment of The agreement expired on December 31, 1985 and was not renewed. Johnson’s successor, Richard Nixon, also believed in SALT, Part of a series on the framework of a SALT II agreement. strategic reasons, the United States stopped construction of each by the end of Although SALT II resulted in an agreement in 1979, the United States Senate chose not to ratify the treaty in response to the Soviet war in Afghanistan, which took place later that year. The ABM Treaty limited strategic missile defenses to 200 interceptors each and The two rounds of talks and agreements were SALT I and SALT II. The strategic nuclear forces of the Soviet Union and the United States were changing in character in 1968. They also intended, through linkage, to make U.S. arms control policy part of détente. Mission, Guide to Country Recognition and Relations, Strategic Arms Limitations Talks/Treaty (SALT) I and II, 1969–1976: The Presidencies of Richard M. Nixon and Gerald R. Ford, The Allende Years and the Pinochet Coup, 1969–1973. [...] His policy of linkage had in fact failed. SALT II for its advice and consent, and it was never ratified. The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) were two rounds of bilateral conferences and corresponding international treaties involving the United States and the Soviet Union, the Cold War superpowers, on the issue of arms control.
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