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general and applied microbiology

Clinical Significance of lactic acid producing bacteria. Although members of the genus Streptomyces are useful producers of secondary metabolites, Streptomyces turgidiscabies, a cause of potato scab, has not been investigated for this purpose. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology focusses on prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells, relevant enzymes and proteins; applied genetics and molecular biotechnology; genomics and proteomics; applied microbial and cell physiology; environmental biotechnology; process and products and more. As a result, Cluster I was split into Groups I and II. In addition to aiding in the creation of energy from photosynthesis, the carotenoids also protect chlorophyll a from damage from too much light radiation. The co-infecting viruses are typically giant viruses. 2) Manipal Center for Virus Research. Which animal and tissues are infected Rashmi Malik18MBT043, Question:-What is the satellite virus & helper virus?Answer:-》A satellite is a subviral agent composed of nucleic acid that depends on the co-infection of a host cell with a helper virus for its replication.Below some Example Of the satellite virus & helper virus respectively.■Acanthamoeba polyophagamimi virus--》sputnik■Cafeteria roenbergensis virus--》mavirus■hepatitis delta satellite virus ---》hepatitis B virusSingle-stranded RNA satellite viruses:-Chronic bee-paralysis satellite virusTobacco necrosis virus satelliteMaize white line mosaic satellite virusPanicum mosaic satellite virusTobacco mosaic satellite virusTobacco necrosis satellite virusDouble-stranded DNA satellite viruses:-Sputnik virophageZamilon virophageMavirus virophageOrganic Lake virophage{ Virophages are small, double stranded DNA viral phages that require the co-infection of another virus. Xanthan gum costs $7 per pound compared to cornstarch for 89 cents per pound.18MMB015. The mt-nucleoids appeared as diffuse structures with irregular-size in Δabf2 cells that were grown to log phase in YPG medium containing glycerol, in contrast to the strings-of-beads appearance of mt-nucleoids in wild-type cells. They are responsible for many essential activities like recycling of waste, help plants for photosynthesis, converting the nutrients into Consumable form, etc. It has fibrinolytic effect. (3) Didinium nasutum is predator.Paramecium caudatum is prey. so might be possible there were no human life originated if there were no unicellular microorganisms.now if we talk about present then many organisms are live in gut or intestine of human they are help in digestion of food or help to produce some vitamins.Also many microorganisms help to fix nitrogen in plants and by that nitrogen,oxygen,carbon are regulate and maintain in atmosphere.Microorganisms allow to degrade dead plants and animal that help to regulate the food chain.Many human population die by microbial infections so ultimately its help in maintain human population.So, without microorganisms humans do not survive for longer. After the active growth phase, when the substrate level is high, citrate synthase activity increases and the activities of aconitase and isocitrate dehydrogenase decrease. Furthermore, the rpoD1 gene is suggested to be indispensable for viability by the inability to disrupt the gene. nov., and Acetobacter estunensis (Carr 1958), Leifsonia gen. nov., a genus for 2,4-diaminobutyric acid containing actinomycetes to accommodate “Corynebacterium aquaticum” Leifson 1962 and Clavibacter xyli subsp. The other comprised the remaining four isolates, which had low G+C contents of DNA ranging from 57.5 to 57.7 mol% and of which DNAs hybridized with that of the type strain of Gluconobacter frateurii at values of 63-77% of DNA relatedness. What is the scope? Microorganisms are used to produce biofuels like biodiesel, bioalcohol and also microbial fuel cell.

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