The evolutionary progression of societies had been accepted by some since the Enlightenment.
Tylor formulated a most influential definition of culture: “Culture or civilization is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.” He also elaborated the concept of cultural “survivals.” His major contributions were in the field of religion and mythology, and he cited magic, astrology, and witchcraft as clues to primitive religion. Maine argued that the most primitive societies were patriarchal. Stages in the development of these ideas are associated with stages of savagery, barbarism, and civilization. With this about-face has come a reconsideration and re-evaluation of Morgan and his work.
In his will signed 17 June 1688, he left his Jamaican property to his godsons Charles Byndloss (b.1668) and Henry Archbold on condition they adopted the surname of Morgan. Savagery and barbarism are divided into lower, middle, and upper stages. Main Office Franz Boas and his students devalued Morgan's Ancient Society in their opposition to the idea of cultural evolution. ." Encyclopedia.com. He at once began a vigorous and comprehensive program of field research and circulated questionnaires to distant lands in the hope of obtaining data. I think it would have been well to have provided that no Indian should be allowed to sell except with the consent of the Indian Council, and that to be incorporated in the deed. But this was not destined to be. We’d love your help. “Social Evolution.” Morgan’s research into the lro-quois and other North American tribes led him to a monogenic (one origin) hypothesis that claimed Indians and whites descended from the same branch of humanity. Retrieved August 11, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/morgan-lewis-henry. Sir John Lubbock (1834-1914; Lord Avebury). Therein he credited Morgan with having independently formulated the Marxist materialist conception of history. ." Our fossil pachyderms, for instance, would be almost unintelligible but for the species which still inhabit some parts of Asia and Africa; the secondary marsupials are illustrated by their existing representatives in Australia and South America; and in the All Rights Reserved. However, his postulated sequence for the evolution of the family is not supported by the enormous amount of ethnographic data that has been collected since his time. → First published as The League of the Hodé-no-sau-nee, or Iroquois.
Perhaps the most important of these is J. H. McIlvaine.
Morgan and his friends campaigned against the Ogden Land Company, an organization they believed was trying to deprive the Seneca Indians of their lands. Among the journals are the six little leather‑bound volumes of the diary kept by Morgan during the thirteen months he spent in Europe in 1870‑71.
Frazer, James George 1920 The Golden Bough. 2 vols.
Morgan’s father, Charlton Hunt Morgan, was a U.S. consul, and his uncle, John Hunt Morgan, had been a Confederate army general. Tylor maintained that culture evolved from the simple to the complex, and that all societies passed through the three basic stages of development suggested by Montesquieu: from savagery through barbarism to civilization. Each man, woman and child has 200 acres,79 which would give to a family consisting of a man and wife and three children a farm of 1000 acres. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. They have horses and they follow the game. He is best known for his work on kinship and social structure, his theories of social evolution, and his ethnography of the Iroquois. A few years later, while on a business trip in northern Michigan, Morgan made a great discovery. For examples Morgan drew on ethnographic knowledge of such societies as the aborigines of Australia and America and on classical sources concerned with the ancient Greeks and Romans. Lewis Henry Morgan was born on a farm near Aurora, New York, in 1818. Kaplan, David and Robert A. One of the most influential evolutionary theorists of the 19th century, he has been called the father of American anthropology. Finally, the stage of civilization was distinguished by the monogamous family, with just one wife and one husband who were relatively equal in status. It gave an interesting insight into the history, language, and culture of the Iroquois Confederacy, revealing information about this race that many would have never known unless they were of Iroquois decent themselves. Importantly, each stage was characterized by a technological innovation that led to advances in subsistence patterns, family and marriage arrangements and political organization (Seymour-Smith 1986:201).
Ann Arbor: Univ.
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