Russia China. China became the world's largest exporter in 2010, and the largest trading nation in 2013. and for the next two millennia, China alternated between periods of unity and disunity under a succession of imperial dynasties. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. For more details, see an in-depth quality of life comparison of Russia vs. China using our country comparison tool. Russia vs United States - Military Power Comparison - YouTube Economic reforms in the 1990s privatized most industry, with notable exceptions in the energy, transportation, banking, and defense-related sectors. For more details, see an in-depth inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), International law organization participation, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Distribution of family income - Gini index, Stock of direct foreign investment - at home, Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad, Electricity - installed generating capacity, Electricity - from other renewable sources, Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Refugees and internally displaced persons. (1.3 billion more people live in China). while China is approximately 9,596,960 sq km, making Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. China's historical civilization dates from at least 1200 B.C.
), Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry), Russian (official) 85.7%, Tatar 3.2%, Chechen 1%, other 10.1%, 26.317 million Shanghai, 20.035 million BEIJING (capital), 15.354 million Chongqing, 12.968 million Guangzhou, 13.396 million Tianjin, 12.129 million Shenzhen, 12.476 million MOSCOW (capital), 5.427 million Saint Petersburg, 1.65 million Novosibirsk, 1.493 million Yekaterinburg, 1.261 million Nizhniy Novgorod, 1.167 million Samara, data do not include Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, 1 October 1949 (People's Republic of China established); notable earlier dates: 221 B.C. The USSR was the principal adversary of the US during the Cold War (1947-1991). Does Jerry Seinfeld have Parkinson's disease? In 2016, China ratified the Paris Agreement, a multilateral agreement to combat climate change, and committed to peak its carbon dioxide emissions between 2025 and 2030. This to-scale map shows a size comparison of Russia compared to China. Russia has undergone significant changes since the collapse of the Soviet Union, moving from a centrally planned economy towards a more market-based system. The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin's rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 led to the dissolution of the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent states.
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