";s:4:"text";s:3259:" Marine heatwaves have doubled in frequency and have become longer-lasting, more intense and more extensive, resulting in large-scale coral bleaching events. The sixth report in the series was launched on 10 November 2015. The reduction of aircraft-based observations by an average of 75% to 80% in March and April degraded the forecast skills of weather models. The most recent edition was released on 10 November The Arabic and Chinese editions will be available by early 2018. Europe, Japan and the USA (the Triad) may still dominate research and development (R&D) but they are increasingly being challenged by the emerging economies and above all by China. All governments are keen to increase high-tech exports but few are prepared to discuss removing non-tariff barriers (such as government procurement) that may be constraining their imports. Partly as a result of the commodities boom over the past decade, countries have become more aware of the value of their natural capital. As runoff from snow cover, permafrost and glaciers in this region provides up to 45% of the total river flow, the flow decrease would affect water availability for 1.7 billion people. Everyone wishes to attract foreign research centres and skilled professionals but few are prepared to discuss frameworks for facilitating cross-border movement'.[11]. Jacques Richardson, Head of UNESCO’s Science and Society Section from 1972 to 1985 and former editor of Impact of Science on Society, observed in Sixty Years of Science at UNESCO (2006) that ‘the publication of Impact continued until the early 1990s, when it was converted into the biennial World Science Report’. The five-year interval between reports has proved beneficial, since 'a quinquennial report has the advantage of being able to focus on longer-term trends, rather than becoming entrenched in descriptions of short-term annual fluctuations which, with respect to policy and science and technology indicators, rarely add much value'.[7][8]. Both technically and economically feasible solutions already exist. Email v.lindoso@unesco.org Tel 33-0145681170 UNESCO Science Report 2010This fifth report in the series is freely accessible online in English and Chinese and may be purchased from UNESCO Publishing in English. In order to avoid confusion with UNESCO's new series of thematic world reports, the monitoring report was renamed the UNESCO Science Report. For information on reusing text from Wikipedia, please see the terms of use. The world is set to see its warmest five years on record – in a trend which is likely to continue - and is not on track to meet agreed targets to keep global temperature increase well below 2 °C or at 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels.