In all of these countries, GDP growth was positive, although to a lesser degree than tax revenue growth. By contrast, the share of income taxes and goods and services taxes is lower at the sub-central level, the exceptions being Finland, Luxembourg and Sweden, where over 90% of sub-central revenues are derived from income taxes. This ends the trend of annual increases observed in the OECD average since the financial crisis in 2009, excluding 2016, which was a special case due to the one-off stability contributions in Iceland in that year.2 The small change in 2018 was largely due to the fall of 2.5 percentage points in the tax-to-GDP ratio of one country (the United States, following the reforms described below) (Figure 1.1). Consumption Tax Trends provides information on Value Added Tax/Goods and Services Tax (VAT/GST) and excise duty rates in OECD member countries.It also contains information about international aspects of VAT/GST developments and the efficiency of this tax. is the online library of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) featuring its books, papers and statistics and is the knowledge base of OECD's analysis and data. Nevertheless, countries such as Estonia, Mexico, Poland, and Slovenia (around 13%) and Turkey (around 22%) still collect a relatively large proportion of their tax revenues through taxes on specific goods and services. ← 3. Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error, http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/component/ctt-2018-3-en, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The Tax Foundation works hard to provide insightful tax policy analysis. the breadth of the corporate income tax base, for example some narrowing may occur as a consequence of generous depreciation schemes and of tax incentives. Tax structures are measured by the share of major taxes in total tax revenue. Their total values have been added to the transfer component. Rates of taxes on imported goods were considerably reduced across all OECD countries, reflecting a global trend to remove trade barriers. For over 80 years, our goal has remained the same: to improve lives through tax policies that lead to greater economic growth and opportunity. The OECD average conceals the great variety in national tax-to-GDP ratios. StatLink http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888934054512. The substantially increased importance of the value-added tax has served to counteract the diminishing share of specific consumption taxes, such as excises and custom duties.
It also contains information about indirect tax topics such as international aspects of VAT/GST developments and the efficiency of this tax.
It describes a range of other consumption taxation provisions on tobacco, alcoholic beverages and motor vehicles.
Although Iceland and Mexico collect social security contributions, disaggregated data is not available. It describes a range of other consumption taxation provisions on tobacco, alcoholic beverages and motor vehicles. of GDP relative to 2017. VAT rates are from 2018. The OECD methodology for classifying non-wastable tax credits is set out in paragraphs 19 and 20 of the Interpretative Guide. India changed its laws so that, as of April 2019, remote business are liable for corporate tax if they have a “significant economic presence” in the country. The average annual total labor cost per worker was $53,816.
This chapter describes the relative importance of consumption taxes as a source of tax revenues and the main features of these taxes. It is the average of marginal total tax wedges at 67 percent, 100 percent, 133 percent, and 167 percent of average earnings divided by the average of average total tax wedges at 67 percent, 100 percent, 133 percent, and 167 percent of average earnings. In 1965, tax-to-GDP ratios in OECD countries ranged from 10.6% in Turkey to 33.7% in France.
2�^ �Aq�0E�=&[F�yP����z~� p����6�N�����|�@�ҍ��Y�Q2z�Z׃���Z9��+�12DZ�~���7Į8N{=��� �5�rͣܺG���÷���Q�+]vY�v׳���������RA?�RN���m9L�`J;�)��� �> �H�A�go`o'�D��B^ӂ����3a�ɮ��x������G�qC�~''��)vMrK��"/.���a���m��}��UMq�c_��w��.� ��&}�_A���A��y"��`�����u�@t �Jpi"R�͚�ihi�B��_ �\5R+�PO�z!�KY�����J:D��R,��]�re��l���(���T�[� f�ZQh�v� �tf��)�=�e�ݭ��� _�'(�d���r��K��M��9r���H���6��0 �My�U2/��+��Q��#�,���ɺ Where the reporting year differs from the calendar year, the annual GDP estimates are obtained by aggregating quarterly GDP estimates provided by the OECD Statistics Directorate for those quarters corresponding to each country’s fiscal (tax) year. However, as shown below, many countries deviate from this average quite substantially, reflecting economic and policy differences across countries. ← 6. The following map illustrates how European countries differ in their tax burden on labor. endstream endobj 810 0 obj <>/Metadata 15 0 R/Pages 807 0 R/StructTreeRoot 26 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 811 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 594.96 842.04]/Parent 807 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 812 0 obj <>stream The United States had the highest share of property tax revenues in 2017 (16.0% of total revenues), although this was due to the one-off deemed repatriation tax which is recorded in 2017.5 Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and Korea also had property tax revenues that amounted to more than 10% of total tax revenues. However, the party that legally pays a tax is not always the one that ultimately bears the burden of the tax. Fifteen of the countries had a tax wedge above 40 percent, 13 countries between 40 and 30 percent, and eight countries below 30 percent. ← 4. The largest reductions were in Iceland (13.3 percentage points, due to the one-off stability contributions received in 2016), Hungary (1.0) and in Estonia and Ireland (0.8). The other part can be paid directly to recipients as a benefit payment, when the benefit exceeds the tax liability. Taxes on personal and corporate incomes remain the most important source of revenues used to finance public spending in 18 OECD countries, and in nine of them – Australia, Canada, Denmark, Iceland, Ireland, Mexico, New Zealand, Switzerland and the United States – the share of income taxes in the tax mix in 2017 exceeded 40%. The figures in this table were reported by the Central Statistics Office and are gross amounts and therefore due to adjustments will differ from the figures reported on the SRB website, which are net figures. Between 1975 and 2017 the share of federal government revenues declined by nearly fifteen percentage points in Belgium and to a lesser extent in Canada and Germany. For the denominator, the GDP figures used for Revenue Statistics 2019 are the most recently available in September 2019. Relative to 2016, overall tax ratios rose in 22 OECD member countries and fell in 14. Source: OECD Taxing Wages 2019, OECD Consumption Trends 2018. [4], In 2018, the average OECD tax wedge for a single worker with no children earning a nation’s average wage was 36.1 percent. respectively. Buy +/-/ 1000. By 1999, the average OECD tax-to-GDP ratio had risen to 33.8%, the highest recorded level at that time. Non-wastable tax credits in billlions of national currency, Total tax revenue in billions of national currency. It describes a range of other consumption taxation provisions on tobacco, alcoholic beverages and motor vehicles.
The average across OECD countries is $1.23.
The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. Individual income taxes, payroll taxes, value-added taxes (VAT), and sales taxes make up a large portion of many countries’ tax revenue. )��a�B����A)��L�y�^�2"��tnu�N�/2o�N�De�@�?��u�XS(g(�Ag�� \P� � As a destination-based consumption tax, VAT is better suited to addressing elements of this in comparison to Corporate Income Tax (CIT). Although the United States does not have a VAT, state sales taxes also work to diminish the purchasing power of earnings. The exceptions were Canada and Mexico, where the share slightly declined between 1975 (1980 for Mexico due to data availability) and 2017. Employee-side payroll taxes made up 8.2 percent ($4,390) and employer-side payroll taxes 14.4 percent ($7,762). ← 2. The share of local government varied from 1.6% in Mexico to 15.3% in Switzerland. From one year to the next, if tax revenues rise more than GDP (or fall less than GDP) the tax-to-GDP ratio will increase.
Much greater detail on the tax concept, the classification of taxes and the accrual basis of reporting is set out in the OECD Interpretative Guide at annex A of Revenue Statistics 2019. Note: Individual items may not sum to total because of rounding. Apart from Denmark, only Estonia had revenues from employee SSCs of less than 5% of total revenues. For the numerator, the OECD Secretariat uses revenue figures that are submitted annually by correspondents from national Ministries of Finance, Tax Administrations or National Statistics Offices. Revenues from social security contributions, taxes on property and taxes on goods and services were unchanged, although within taxes on goods and services, the share of VAT increased slightly and the share of specific goods and services decreased slightly. The Global Revenue Statistics Database provides detailed comparable tax revenue data for African, Asian and Pacific, Latin American and the Caribbean and OECD countries from 1990 onwards. It also contains information about indirect tax topics such as international aspects of … In 2018, the highest family tax wedge was in France, at 39.4 percent, while the lowest family tax wedge was in New Zealand, at 1.9 percent. Accounting for VAT and sales tax reveals that in 2018, the average tax burden on labor was 41.1 percent, which is 5 percentage-points higher than when only income and payroll taxes are considered. �����a7 [1?� The average VAT/GST¹ standard rate in the OECD was 19.3% as of 1 January 2019.
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