[1][6], When Haselrig’s cuirassiers left the field, Waller threw the remainder of his army including his infantry into the fray and advanced down the hill toward the Royalists. As they came up the road and over Roundway Hill the remaining Parliamentary foot began to dissolve, the officers riding off and the soldiers either taking to their heels or surrendering. This steep hill can be seen for miles around. Sir William Waller with his Parliamentary army spent 11th July 1643 bombarding Devizes, which Hopton’s Cornish infantry had put into a form of defence by barricading the streets, and the castle. Fearing an attack and stalling for time, Hopton sought and received a temporary truce for treaty negotiations. The opportunity presented by the Royalist victory to secure the West could have made Roundway Down one of the most decisive battle of the first war, but Gloucester held out and the opportunity passed. Concerned about the growing intensity of the attack and the fact that Hopton was seen advancing on the battlefield with his 3,000 foot from Devizes, Waller attempted make an orderly retreat with his infantry to the northwest as they continued to fend off the Royalist cavalry. A Royalist cavalry force under Lord Wilmot won a crushing victory over the Parliamentarians under Sir William Waller. While the Royalists managed to force their way onto Landsdown Hill and push back Waller’s men from the brow of the hill the battle left them short of ammunition and the Royalist horse in a bad way due to extensive desertions during the battle.
You may wish to switch to the. Desiring to confront the relief force head-on, Waller abandoned the siege of Devizes and marched his force back north to Roundway Down. Waller placed Hesilrige’s regiment of cuirassiers on the right wing.
Hesilrige’s regiment dissolved and fled the field. Royalist losses are unknown. Lord Hertford and Prince Maurice left the same evening, marched the forty-five miles to Oxford during the night and arrived in Oxford during the morning of 11th July 1643. It was decided that Lord Hertford and Prince Maurice would march to Oxford with the horse while Hopton held Devizes with the infantry and guns. The Parliamentarians also lost their artillery, wagons, gunpowder, ammunition, and supplies. I often spot it when driving through Farleigh Hungerford in Somerset, and it must be 15 miles from there as the crow flies. The attack was begun by the Royalist forlorn hope led by Major Paul Smith which drove the opposing forlorn hope back onto the main Parliamentary army. Sir Bevil Grenville, the popular commander of Hopton's Cornish troops, was killed in the battle. The Royalist army was forced to withdraw towards Oxford, the Royalist capital, so that they could receive reinforcem… The advance of Hesilrige’s cuirassiers masked the Parliamentary guns so that they were unable to fire before being overwhelmed by Wilmot’s victorious brigade. Byron followed through and attacked the Parliamentarians under fire from the guns and musketeers of their centre.
Size of the armies at the Battle of Roundway Down: Lord Wilmot’s three brigades of Royalist horse, his own, Sir John Byron’s and Lord Crawford’s with a contingent commanded by Prince Maurice comprised 1,800 men with two small ‘galloper guns’. Barrett. In the battle, Hopton suffered many casualties and desertions. They were also known as Hesilrige’s Bluecoats. This incident precipitated a Royalist retreat, pursued by Waller with re-enforcements from the Bristol garrison, to Devizes in Wiltshire. Roundway Down east side: Battle of Roundway Down on 13th July 1643 during the English Civil War: drawing by C.R.B. The explosion also left the Royalist army short of gunpowder forcing them to withdraw towards Oxford to get reinforcements and new supplies. Within two weeks the important port of Bristol would be taken by the Royalists. Scene of the Battle of Roundway Down on 13th July 1643 during the English Civil War: drawing by C.R.B.
Hopton himself was temporarily blinded by an exploding ammunition cart.
At this point several of Hesilrige’s men came up and rescued their commander. Individually the Royalist horse were unable to deal with these horsemen as they were unable to penetrate their armour with their swords and pistol bullets bounced off the armour plates.
To the English Civil War index. D espite the marginal Royalist victory at Lansdown Hill, Lord Hertford's army was in low spirits owing to heavy casualties, the death of Sir Bevil Grenville and serious injuries to Sir Ralph Hopton.Most of the Royalist cavalry had scattered during the battle and the army was short of supplies and ammunition.
To support an attack, Waller set up an artillery battery within range of the town on Coatefield Hill. The eight guns were positioned to the front of the infantry line. The Parliamentary barrage had scarcely begun when Waller received the unexpected news that Royalist troops were approaching from the north. On 12th July Waller sent in a trumpeter to call on Hopton to surrender the town, informing him that he had intercepted the relieving ammunition train and captured the supplies. Name: Battle of Roundway Down The victory secured the south-west for the Royalists. The Royalist horse pursued Waller’s men for several miles until they reached a steep precipice over which many of the troopers of both sides fell to their and their horses’ deaths. Cavalry action at the time of the English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down on 13th July 1643 during the English Civil War: picture by Peter Sneyers.
The next day the Royalist army withdrew a short distance. [1][3][8], The cannon fire quickly caused the retreating Parliamentarians to break and flee in all directions, with many pursued and cut down by the Royalist cavalry. Waller formed his army in the conventional manner with his infantry line in the centre and cavalry on each flank. A cavalry force of 1,800 defeated a balanced force of 5,000 including cavalry, infantry, and artillery. Sir Ralph Hopton’s Royalist garrison in Devizes numbered around 3,000 Cornish foot with a number of guns.
Source for information on Roundway Down, battle of: The Oxford Companion to British History dictionary. The explosion also left the army very short of gunpowder. KEY FACTS .
Overnight as the Parliamentarians waited for Hopton’s response, their cavalry intercepted and captured a Royalist convoy of gunpowder and ammunition that had previously been dispatched to resupply Hopton after the Battle at Lansdowne. Waller’s army ceased to exist leaving the Royalist troops victorious. After travelling east from Marshfield, the Royalist army rested at Chippenham. [1][3], Meanwhile on the morning of 11 July in Devizes, Waller brought his army down from Roundway Down and deployed them on the eastside of town.
Eventually Atkyns disabled Hesilrige’s horse and made him prisoner. Battle: Lansdown Hill War: English Civil War Date of the Battle of Lansdown Hill: 5 th July 1643 Place of the Battle of Lansdown Hill: Lansdown Hill to the north of Bath. Once the terms were rejected Waller launched an assault on the town which was driven back by the Royalist troops. It seems very likely that Hesilrige’s Lobsters made the classic mistake of receiving Wilmot’s charge stationery. Waller took the rump that remained at the colours to join the Parliamentary garrison in Bristol. Following the Battle of Roundway Down King Charles dispatched Prince Rupert with a strong army to the West. They may well have halted to give fire with pistols and carbines while the Royalist cavalry charged home.
The town was bombarded by artillery fire and the Parliamentarian infantry rushed the outworks and fortifications battling the Royalists in hand-to-hand combat.
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